Briefings

17 Feb 2022

Militerisasi, konflik, dan ketidakadilan di Kabupaten Maybrat, Papua Barat

Terletak persis di jantung semenanjung Kepala Burung, ujung barat daya West Papua (lihat peta di bawah), Maybrat kerap kali tersembunyi dari pengamatan karena terpencil dan kurang diberitakan. Maybrat adalah salah satu kabupaten di Provinsi Papua Barat hasil pemekaran tahun 2009.

Pascaperluasan militer di wilayah tersebut, Maybrat menjadi titik konflik antara Tentara Nasional Indonesia (TNI) dan Tentara Pembebasan Nasional Papua Barat (TPNPB). Briefing ini menunjukkan faktor-faktor pemicu konflik terkini di Maybrat, khususnya militerisasi dan perebutan sumber daya alam. Konflik itu telah meningkatkan ketegangan terutama di dua distrik di Maybrat, tempat terjadinya serangan terhadap pos persiapan koramil yang diduga dilakukan oleh TPNPB, dan penganiayaan terhadap mereka yang dituduh terlibat dalam penyerangan, termasuk di antaranya anak-anak. Mereka yang dituduh terlibat penyerangan kemudian dipindahkan, menjalani proses peradilan, dan ditahan di wilayah lain. Para pembela hak asasi manusia (HAM) yang terlibat dalam pembelaan enam tersangka juga mengalami ketidakadilan. Situasi Maybrat membuat Provinsi Papua Barat semakin mirip dengan situasi di sebagian besar wilayah West Papua akhir-akhir ini. Briefing ini akan berfokus pada situasi di Provinsi Papua Barat dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, menyoroti substansi dan penyebab meningkatnya insiden. 

17 Feb 2022

Militarisation, Conflict and Injustice in Maybrat Regency, West Papua

Located right in the heart of the Bird’s Head Peninsula at the Northwest corner of West Papua (see Figure 1 below), Maybrat has often been hidden fr​​om the world’s view, due to its remoteness and lack of coverage. As one of the regencies that sprang up in the process of forming new administrative subdivisions (pemekaran) in 2009, Maybrat is part of the wider province of West Papua.

Following a period of military expansion in the region, Maybrat has been the scene of violence between the military and West Papua’s pro-independence armed group, TPNPB (Tentara Pembebasan Nasional Papua Barat, the National Liberation Army of West Papua). This briefing shows drivers of recent conflict in Maybrat, especially militarisation and natural resource contestation. This has led to increasing tensions in two districts of Maybrat especially, an attack allegedly carried out by TPNPB on military posts, and the persecution of people accused of involvement in the attack, including children. They have been subject to rendition, trial and imprisonment in another area of Indonesia. Human Rights Defenders (HRDs) who have been involved in defending the six defendants have also had injustices meted out to them. The situation in Maybrat brings the province closer to what has been seen throughout the rest of West Papua in recent years. This briefing will hone in on the situation in West Papua province in recent years, looking at the nature of and reason for the uptick in incidents.

5 Oct 2021

Militer Indonesia dan Kontraterorisme: Bisnis Baru, Cara Lama

Bagi banyak orang Indonesia, militerisasi tampaknya hanya meningkat di West Papua dan Poso. Padahal, pelanggaran wewenang Densus 88 juga berlangsung di Jawa. Dengan memburu terduga teroris, misalnya, tanpa dimintai pertanggungjawaban oleh lembaga-lembaga pemerintah (termasuk Komnas HAM) atau organisasi masyarakat sipil lainnya, yang mungkin takut menghadapi konsekuensi tertentu jika mempertanyakan legalitas operasi-operasi Densus 88. Sama halnya, di Jawa  anggota militer terang-terangan menjadi pejabat publik, membuat pernyataan politik, dan  para purnawirawan mendapat posisi di pemerintahan dan urusan sipil. Dengan kata lain, operasi TNI-Polri melawan “teroris” di West Papua bukanlah hal yang baru. Namun ini berarti bahwa perlu upaya bersama oleh publik Indonesia dan luar negeri untuk menggugat tanggung jawab mereka dan menghentikan impunitas. 

5 Oct 2021

The Indonesian military and counter-terrorism: new business, same old ways

Increasing militarization for most Indonesians appears to be limited to West Papua and Poso. However, D-88 has already abused its mandate in Java in pursuit of alleged terrorists without having been properly held to account by Government Institutions (including the National Commission for Human Rights, Komnas HAM) or other civil society organisations that may fear the consequences of questioning the legality of its operations. Likewise, the military operates in plain sight in Java with a visible public role, pronouncing on political affairs and with former army officers assuming roles in Government and the civil service. In other words, security force operations against ‘terrorists’ in West Papua are not as distant as is assumed. But this also means that with coordinated effort, the public in Indonesia and beyond may yet have the potential to hold their power to account and end impunity.

5 Oct 2021

Militer Indonesia dan Kontraterorisme: Bisnis Baru, Cara Lama

Bagi banyak orang Indonesia, militerisasi tampaknya hanya meningkat di West Papua dan Poso. Padahal, pelanggaran wewenang Densus 88 juga berlangsung di Jawa. Dengan memburu terduga teroris, misalnya, tanpa dimintai pertanggungjawaban oleh lembaga-lembaga pemerintah (termasuk Komnas HAM) atau organisasi masyarakat sipil lainnya, yang mungkin takut menghadapi konsekuensi tertentu jika mempertanyakan legalitas operasi-operasi Densus 88. Sama halnya, di Jawa  anggota militer terang-terangan menjadi pejabat publik, membuat pernyataan politik, dan  para purnawirawan mendapat posisi di pemerintahan dan urusan sipil. Dengan kata lain, operasi TNI-Polri melawan “teroris” di West Papua bukanlah hal yang baru. Namun ini berarti bahwa perlu upaya bersama oleh publik Indonesia dan luar negeri untuk menggugat tanggung jawab mereka dan menghentikan impunitas. 

25 May 2021

Special autonomy – big on funds, short on human rights and democracy

In this briefing we describe how Special Autonomy law has failed to achieve its objectives in two ways. First, despite promising to ‘protect’ West Papuan culture, and to economically empower indigenous West Papuans, many important aspects of the law have been only partly implemented or ignored altogether. Second, instead of implementing the law, the authorities have resorted to governing through a programme of development projects from abundant funds. While some see existing efforts as having failed because they are not based on principles of ‘inclusive’ development, alternatives of creating new provinces and districts, supposedly to ensure equitable participation, have often led to the enrichment and empowerment of the security forces in remote areas, leading to further conflict.

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